8/09/67 Cincinnati Enquirer article "Climate Factor In
Determining Racial Color" (New York Times Service)
NEW YORK - Why has the human race so many different skin
colors? A Brandeis University biochemist, Dr. W. Farnsworth
Loomis, proposes that the evolution of black, brown, yellow
and white-skinned peoples was a response to the amount of
vitamin D, produced by the skin in the presence of sunlight.
Vitamin D is produced by the action of ultraviolet rays in
the dermis, the "true" skin that lies beneath the layers of
the epidermis, the outer skin. Insufficient amounts of
vitamin D in children results in abnormal bone development -
the deficiency disease called rickets. Adults with a vitamin
D deficiency are likely to develop soft bones.
Excessive amounts of vitamin D cause deposits of calcium and
phosphorous.
Therefore, says Loomis, it would be an evolutionary advantage
for the skin to produce only the right amount of vitamin D -
no more no less.
The amount of pigments and horny cells in the epidermis
determines how many ultraviolet rays reach the dermis and,
therefore, how much vitamin is produced, he points out.
Thus, he reasons, it would be an evolutionary advantage for
people living in Equatorial regions, which receive large
amounts of ultraviolet light, to have sufficient pigment or
horny cells in the epidermis to block excessive rays.
Similarly, Loomis adds, persons living far from the Equator
- where few ultraviolet rays come through, particularly in
winter - would be better off with few pigments and horny
cells in their skin.
LOOMIS OUTLINES his theory in an article in the current issue
of the technical journal, Science. In the article, the
biochemist notes that the American anthropologists, F. G.
Murray, proposed a similar explanation of the evolution of
skin color in 1934, an explanation "that is not generally
accepted by anthropologists."
Asked to comment on the theory, Dr. Harry Shapiro,
anthropologist at the American Museum of Natural History
here, said that it sounded "reasonable" and that "selective
adaptation of skin color was not counter to anthropological
thinking."
According to Loomis, if a white-skinned adult were exposed
to the tropical sun for six hours, his body would synthesize
up to 800,000 international units of vitamin D - eight times
the toxic dose.
In contrast, he estimates, a deeply pigmented person at the
same latitude would synthesize only five to 10% of that
amount - well within the daily acceptable dose.
Loomis points out that "both in Europe and China, skin
pigmentation becomes lighter as one goes north," adding that
"the one exception to the correlation between latitude and
skin color in the old world is the Eskimo."
Although the Eskimo has medium dark skin, he remains
"completely free of rickets," Loomis maintains, because his
diet is rich in fish oils, the only foodstuff known to
contain sizable amounts of vitamin D.
See Source File Key #364 for
11/25/95 The Virginian-Pilot
article "Scientists find clues for ancestral 'Adam'" re
364-9.



Edgar Cayce Readings © 1971, 1993, 1994, 1995 by the Edgar Cayce Foundation