Encyclopedia excerpt on Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, re
2281-1, Par. 32:
PINCKNEY, CHARLES COTESWORTH (1746-1825), American statesman,
was born in Charleston, S.C. on Feb. 25, 1746, the son of
Charles Pinckney (d. 1758), a prominent figure in colonial
times, by his second wife, the celebrated girl planter, Eliza
Lucas. When a child he was sent to England, like his brother
Thomas after him, to be educated. Both of them were at
Westminster and Oxford and were called to the bar, and for a
time they studied in France at the Royal Military college at
Caen. Returning to America in 1769, C. C. Pinckney began the
practice of law at Charleston. He was a member of the first
South Carolina provincial congress in 1775, served as colonel
in the South Carolina militia in
1776-77, was chosen
president of the South Carolina senate in 1779, took part in
the Georgia expedition and the attack on Savannah in the same
year, was captured at the fall of Charleston in 1780 and kept
in confinement until 1782. He was an influential member of
the constitutional convention of 1787, advocating the
counting of all slaves as a basis of representation and
opposing the abolition of the slave-trade. He opposed as
"impracticable" the election of representatives by popular
vote, and and also opposed the payment of senators, who, he
thought, should be men of wealth. Subsequently Pinckney bore
a prominent part in securing the ratification of the Federal
constitution in the South Carolina convention of 1788. In
1796 he succeeded James Monroe as minister to France. The
Directory refused to receive him, and he retired to Holland,
but in the next year, Elbridge Gerry and John Marshall having
been appointed to act with him, he again repaired to Paris,
where he is said to have made the famous reply to a veiled
demand for a "loan" (in reality for a gift), "Millions for
defence, but not one cent for tribute," - another version is,
"No, not a sixpence." The mission accomplished nothing, and
Pinckney and Marshall left France in disgust, Gerry (q.v.)
remaining. When the correspondence of the commissioners was
sent to the United States Congress the letters "X", "Y" and
"Z", were inserted in place of the names of the French agents
with whom the commission treated - hence the "X Y Z
Correspondence," famous in American history. In 1800 he was
the Federalist candidate for vice president, and in 1804 and
again in 1808 for president, receiving 14 electoral votes in
the former and 47 in the latter year. From 1805 until his
death, on Aug. 16, 1825, he was president general of the
Society of the Cincinnati.


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